Commandes Apache Subversion (SVN) et codes d'état Antisèche

Portée et applicabilité. Applicable aux versions 1.8 à 1.14+ (LTS) d'Apache Subversion (SVN). Dans les exemples, <path> ou <url> indiquent des paramètres ; ^/ représente l'URL racine du dépôt.

Apache Subversion est un système de contrôle de version centralisé (CVCS) reposant sur des révisions entières monotones et des instantanés d'arborescence. Cette antisèche consolide les commandes quotidiennes, les conventions de branches/fusions, les codes d'état et l'administration.

🔗 Antisèches associées : Git · Commandes Linux · Bash

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1. Tool Components & URL Schemes

Core Command-Line Utilities

Repository Access URL Schemes

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2. Working Copy Checkout, Update & File Management

Checkout & Update

# Check out a remote repository into the current or specified directory
svn checkout <url> [target_dir]
svn co <url> [target_dir]

# Update the working copy to the latest HEAD revision
svn update
svn up

# Update working copy to a specific revision (e.g. revision 42)
svn update -r 42

# Update only a specific file or subdirectory
svn update path/to/file_or_dir

# Control checkout depth (--depth: empty | files | immediates | infinity)
svn update --set-depth immediates

Adding & Reverting Changes

# Schedule a new file or directory for addition
svn add <path>

# Recursively add all unversioned files under the current directory (respects svn:ignore)
svn add *

# Force recursive addition of untracked files inside existing versioned trees
svn add * --force

# Revert local uncommitted modifications on a specific file (restores BASE revision)
svn revert <path>

# Revert all local uncommitted changes recursively across the entire project
svn revert -R .
svn revert --depth infinity .

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3. Committing Changes & Importing

Committing (Commit)

# Commit modifications with an inline log message
svn commit -m "feat: implement user authentication" <path>
svn ci -m "fix: resolve null pointer exception"

# Read commit log message from a text file
svn commit -F log_message.txt

# Non-recursive commit (submits only top-level directory property changes)
svn commit --depth files -m "chore: update root configuration"

Importing Unversioned Trees (Import)

# Import an unversioned local directory directly into the repository (does not create a working copy)
svn import /local/path/to/project <url>/trunk -m "Initial import of legacy codebase"

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4. Status Inspection & Complete Status Code Matrix

Inspecting Status

# Inspect local working copy status
svn status
svn st

# Display status including unversioned ignored files
svn status --no-ignore

# Check against the remote repository for outdated files requiring an update
svn status -u
svn st -u -q

svn status Column Code Meanings

The output of svn status comprises 7 character columns followed by the item path.

Column 1: File Content Status

Columns 2–7: Properties, Locks & History

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5. History, Diffs & Blame

# View recent commit logs
svn log -l 10

# View detailed logs including changed file paths
svn log -v -r 100:105

# Compare working copy against the repository BASE revision
svn diff

# Compare differences between two specific revisions
svn diff -r 40:42

# View line-by-line author attribution (Blame / Annotate)
svn blame path/to/file
svn annotate path/to/file

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6. Branching, Tagging & Merging

Subversion standard directory layout:

• ^/trunk: Active mainline development
• ^/branches: Isolated feature and release branches
• ^/tags: Immutable snapshot releases

# Create a feature branch (cheap server-side copy)
svn copy ^/trunk ^/branches/feature-auth -m "Create feature branch for auth overhaul"

# Switch working copy to the feature branch
svn switch ^/branches/feature-auth

# Merge trunk changes into your feature branch (sync merge)
svn merge ^/trunk

# Reintegrate feature branch back into trunk (executed from trunk working copy)
svn merge --reintegrate ^/branches/feature-auth

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7. Conflict Resolution & File Locking

# Resolve conflicts interactively
svn resolve path/to/conflicted_file

# Resolve non-interactively using predefined strategies:
# Accept local modifications:
svn resolve --accept mine-full path/to/file

# Discard local modifications and accept incoming repository version:
svn resolve --accept theirs-full path/to/file

# Accept locally edited working file:
svn resolve --accept working path/to/file

# Clean up stale locks after an interrupted command
svn cleanup

# Lock an unmergeable binary file exclusively (PSD, 3D model, Excel)
svn lock design/banner.psd -m "Editing banner assets"

# Release lock
svn unlock design/banner.psd

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8. Property Management (Properties)

# List all properties defined on a path
svn proplist [path]

# Read a specific property value
svn propget svn:ignore .

# Set a property value
svn propset svn:executable ON script.sh

# Edit multiline property in default editor
svn propedit svn:ignore .

# Remove a property
svn propdel svn:ignore .

Common Standard Properties

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9. Server Administration (svnadmin)

svnadmin runs locally on the host filesystem where repositories reside: